Cilmi-nafsiga sharciga ah 2021 USA

Maqaalkani waxa uu suurtogal ka dhigay in cilmi-baaris laga sameeyay Sharciga Calyx, ka Kooxda Soo ifbaxa, iyo Psilocybin Alpha.

As cilmu-nafsiga sida LSD, ayahuasca, iyo "boqoshaada sixirka" ayaa si degdeg ah ugu soo laabanaya wada sheekeysiga dadweynaha, dhowr su'aalood oo fudud ayaa soo baxay ka dib markii laga wada hadlay kartida maaddooyinkan ee lagu daaweynayo cuduro badan oo caafimaadka maskaxda ah:

Contents

Waa maxay cilmi nafsiga?
Cilmi-nafsiga cilmi-nafsiga ma sharci ayuu Maraykanka joogaa?
Halkee laga Oggol yahay Dhakhaatiirta Cilmi-nafsiga ee Maraykanka?
Halkee lagu Tixgeliyaa Dhakhaatiirta Cilmi-nafsiga si loo sharciyeeyo?

Sug, waa maxay cilmi nafsiga?

"Dhibaatooyinka maskaxda" waa erey ballaadhan oo ka kooban dhawr walxood oo kala duwan, kuwaas oo qaarkood ku raaxaystaan xukun-dembiyeedka ama "fulinta sharciga heerka hoose" ee xukunnada dalka qaarkood.

Cilmi-nafsiga waxaa badanaa lagu tilmaamaa dawooyin awood u leh inay soo saaraan xaalado miyir-qab oo aan caadi ahayn.

Iyadoo ay jiraan boqolaal walxaha dabiiciga ah iyo kuwa la isku qurxiyo kuwaas oo ku dhici kara qeexida guud ee "daawoyinka maskaxda wax ka beddelaya," dadka intooda badan waxay tixraacaan xeryahooda qaarkood gaar ahaan marka ay ka hadlayaan cilmi-nafsiga:

LSD, ama Lysergic Acid Diethylamide. Magacyada waddooyinka: aashitada, huruud dhexdhexaad ah.
Psilocybin, Iskudhis si dabiici ah u soo saaray boqoshaada Psilocybe. Magacyada waddooyinka: boqoshaada sixirka, shrooms.
Mescaline, si dabiici ah ayaa laga helaa Peyote iyo San Pedro cacti.
DMT, ama dimethyltryptamine, waa xarun laga helo ayahuasca, isku-dhafka dhaqameed ee Amazonian ee loo isticmaalo caadooyinka shamaniga ah.
Ibogaine, oo si dabiici ah u soo saara geedka iboga, geed gaaban oo u dhashay galbeedka Afrika.
5-MeO-DMT, sun ah maskaxiyan oo ay soo saarto Rahii Saxaraha Sonoran iyo dhirta qaarkeed. Magaca waddada: sunta toad.
MDMA. Tan “empathogen” waxa loo tixgalin karaa daroogo ka mid ah qayb ka duwan “maskaxda caadiga ah” ee kor ku taxan, laakiin inta badan waxa lagu kooxeeyaa qeexitaankan. Magacyada waddooyinka: ecstasy, molly.

Cilmi-nafsiga cilmi-nafsiga ma sharci ayuu Maraykanka joogaa?

Sida caadiga ah, Dhammaan walxaha kor ku xusan waxaa loo arkaa Jadwalka 1 walxaha ay leedahay dowladda federaalka sidaas darteedna waa sharci-darro in la soo saaro, la iibiyo, la haysto ama la isticmaalo iyada oo aan oggolaansho dawladeed oo gaar ah la helin.

Inkasta oo la qorsheeyay, mid kasta oo ka mid ah walxahan ayaa hadda ku socda cilmi-baaris caafimaad waxaana intooda badan la filayaa in loo ogolaado sanadaha soo socda inay noqdaan daawoyinka maskaxda ee calaamadaha gaarka ah ee caafimaadka dhimirka.

Dhanka kale, qaar ka mid ah maamulayaasha Mareykanka ayaa soo saaray sharci yareynaya fulinta sharciga qaar ka mid ah walxaha dhimirka, oo u oggolaanaya isticmaalka iyo haysashada xaddi yar oo daroogo ah.

Marka laga reebo: Kiiska Ketamine

Ketamine waa daroogo kala-baxa oo asal ahaan loo oggolaaday suuxin ahaan 1970. Tobannaankii sano ee la soo dhaafay, saameynteeda maskaxeed-u eg ayaa la ogaaday inay soo saarto hoos u dhaca calaamadaha niyad-jabka.

Iyadoo ketamine kaliya si rasmi ah loogu oggolaaday suuxin ahaan, takhaatiirta ayaa loo oggol yahay inay u qoraan calaamad ka baxsan daawaynta niyad-jabka iyo xanuunada kale ee dhimirka.

Tani waxay ketamine ka dhigtay safka hore ee dhaqdhaqaaqa maskaxda, sida daroogo la qori karo oo si sharci ah loogu maamuli karo xarumaha caafimaadka ee hoos yimaada kormeerka dhakhtarka.

Halkee laga Oggol yahay Dhakhaatiirta Cilmi-nafsiga ee Maraykanka?

Isticmaalka Psilocybin Alpha Sharciyeynta Maskaxda & Dabagalka Go'aaminta, waxaanu soo diyaarinay liis sharciyo Maraykan ah oo laga ogol yahay dhakhaatiirta dhimirka.

Oregon

In November 2020, Oregon wuxuu noqday gobolkii ugu horreeyay ee Mareykan ah ee baabi'iya ciqaabta dembiyada dhammaan daroogooyinka sharci darrada ah oo ay ku jiraan cocaine, heroin, oxycodone iyo methamphetamine, iyo sidoo kale walax kasta oo maskaxeed sida LSD, psilocybin, iyo MDMA.

Haysashada xaddi yar oo walxahan ah ayaa laga dhigay xad-gudub Heerka E, halkii ay ka ahaan lahayd fal-dambiyeed. Tani waxay yaraynaysaa ciqaabaha ilaa $100 ganaax ah ama ikhtiyaarka lagu qoro mid ka mid ah "Xarumaha Qabatinka iyo Soo kabashada" ee gobolka.

Intaa waxaa dheer, isla codbixinta 2020 dadka Oregon waxay u codeeyeen in la bilaabo barnaamij loogu talagalay isticmaalka daawaynta ee psilocybin, iyaga oo abuuraya nidaamka daawaynta ee psilocybin-ku caawisay shati dawladeed ee ugu horreysay.

Barnaamijka, oo hadda lagu jiro horumarinta, wuxuu u oggolaanayaa bukaannada da'doodu ka weyn tahay 21 jir inay iibsadaan, haystaan, oo isticmaalaan psilocybin iyada oo ay kormeerayaan fududeeyayaasha u tababaran, halka soo saarista, keenista, iyo maamulka psilocybin loo ogolaan doono xarumaha kormeerka, shatiga leh.

California: Santa Cruz iyo Oakland

Iyadoo gobolka California uu wali mamnuucayo unugyada maskaxda ee qorshaysan, laba magaalo oo xuduudeeda ku yaala ayaa soo saaray go'aamo ka hortagaya in magaalada ay ku bixiso agabka lagu soo rogayo ciqaabta dembiyada isticmaalka iyo haysashada dhirta entheogenic iyo fangaska.

Labadaba Santa Cruz iyo Oakland, isticmaalka shakhsi ahaaneed, haysashada, iyo beerashada dhirta sida iboga, mescaline cacti, maaddooyinka ku jira ayahuasca iyo sidoo kale boqoshaada psilocybin ayaa lagu sifeeyay mid ka mid ah mudnaanta fulinta sharciga ugu hooseeya. Gudaha Oakland, iibsiga, rarida, iyo qaybinta cilmi-nafsigan dabiiciga ah waxay ku dhacaan isla qayb isku mid ah.

District of Columbia

Tallaabooyin la mid ah ayaa laga soo gudbiyay Washington DC, halkaas oo dhirta dhimirka iyo fangaska ayaa laga saaray bishii November 2020.

"Beeritaanka aan ganacsiga ahayn, beerashada, iibsiga, rarida, qaybinta, ku lug yeelashada dhaqamada leh, iyo/ama haysashada dhirta entheogenic iyo fangaska" ayaa loo tixgaliyaa "mudnaanta ugu hooseysa ee fulinta" Booliiska Magaalada DC, mamnuucida baaritaanka iyo qabashada dadka 18 sano da'da ama ka weyn ee dhaqamadan.

Colorado: Denver

Denver waxa ay noqotay xukunkii ugu horeeyay ee Maraykan ah si loo dhimo ganaaxyada boqoshaada psilocybin bishii Maajo 2019. Boqoshaada Psilocybin ayaa ka mid ah "mudnaanta fulinta sharciga ugu hooseysa," ka hortagga sharci fulinta inay u isticmaalaan lacagaha magaalada Denver dambi ka dhigista isticmaalka shakhsi ahaaneed iyo haysashada fangaskan.

Michigan: Ann Arbor

Ann Arbor hadda waa magaalada kaliya ee ku taal bartamaha Ameerika halka beerashada, iibsiga, rarida, qaybinta, ku lug lahaanshaha dhaqamada, ama lahaanshaha cilmi nafsiga dabiiciga ah ay tahay aan dambi laga dhigin.

Dhirta Entheogenic ama xeryahooda dhirta, kuwaas oo ku yaal Jadwalka 1-aad ee Federaalka waa "mudnaanta ugu hooseysa ee fulinta sharciga," taasoo la macno ah "kharashka magaalada ama kheyraadka aan loo isticmaali karin baaritaan kasta, xarig, xirid, ama xukun" iyo in qareenka degmadu uu waajib ku yahay "Jooji dacweynta dadka ku lug leh isticmaalka dhirta entheogenic ama isku-dhisyada dhirta ku saleysan."

Massachusetts: Somerville, Cambridge, iyo Northampton

Janaayo 2021, xaafada Boston ee Somerville sharci ayaa soo saaray halkaas oo aan "lacagta magaalada ama kheyraadka" loo isticmaali karin "si loo caawiyo fulinta sharciyada soo rogaya ciqaabta dembiyada isticmaalka iyo haysashada dhirta entheogenic ee dadka waaweyn."

Wax yar ka dib, magaalooyinka deriska ah ee Cambridge iyo Northampton ansixiyay isla sharciga, kaas oo dhigaya in "baadhista iyo qabashada dadka qaangaarka ah ee beeritaanka, beerashada, gadashada, rarida, qaybinta, ku lug lahaanshaha, iyo/ama haysashada dhirta entheogenic waxay noqon doontaa mid ka mid ah mudnaanta ugu hooseysa ee fulinta sharciga," isaga oo ku baaqaya. Xeer Ilaaliyaha Degmadu in uu joojiyo dacwaynta dadka ku lugta leh dhaqamadan.

Halkee lagu Tixgeliyaa Dhakhaatiirta Cilmi-nafsiga si loo sharciyeeyo?

Sharciga federaaliga ah ee baabi'inaya walxaha dhimirku uma muuqdo mid soo socda in kasta oo la oggolaaday walxo maskaxeed oo gaar ah oo loogu talagalay isticmaalka caafimaadka iyada oo loo marayo dhuumaha tijaabada caafimaadka FDA.

Dabayaaqadii Luulyo, Rep. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez dib u soo celiyay wax ka bedel si meesha looga saaro caqabadaha dawladda dhexe ee cilmi-baarista awoodda daweynta ee walxaha dhimirta. Cabbirku wuxuu ahaa Golaha ayaa si weyn u diiday, in kasta oo taageerada sagxadda ay ka korodhay hordhacii hore ee isla cabbirka 2019.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, dhowr gobol oo Maraykan ah ayaa dhawaan ansixiyay sharci ku baaqaya in cilmi-baaris lagu sameeyo unugyada maskaxda. Dawladaha kale waxay leeyihiin biilasha Congress-ka kuwaas oo soo saari kara tallaabooyin dheeraad ah oo ku saabsan sharciyeynta maskaxda.

Kalifoorniya, biilka ayaa la tixgalinayaa kaas oo meesha ka saaraya ganaaxyada lahaanshaha, isticmaalka shakhsi ahaaneed, iyo wadaaga bulsheed ee dawooyinka nafsiga ah ee dabiiciga ah iyo kuwa synthetic oo ay ku jiraan psilocybin, DMT, ibogaine, mescaline, LSD, ketamine, iyo MDMA.

Biilka u codeeyay golaha guurtida waana hadda jidka loo maro dabaqa Golaha. In a wareysigii ugu dambeeyay ee Benzinga, Sen. Scott Wiener, kafiil bixiyaha ugu weyn ee biilka, waxa uu sheegay in uu taageersan yahay in si buuxda loo xakumo daroogooyinka, cabirkaanina uu yahay talaabadii ugu horeysay ee loo qaado yoolkaas.

In 2021, Connecticut iyo Biilasha Texas la ansixiyay kuwaas oo bilaabay kooxo shaqo si ay u daraaseeyaan isticmaalka caafimaadka ee psilocybin. Texas gudaheeda, MDMA iyo Ketamine ayaa sidoo kale loo bartaa ujeedo isku mid ah, iyada oo dagaalyahannada milatariga ah ay yihiin bartilmaameedka ugu weyn ee daaweyntan.

Qaraar la mid ah oo lagu baranayo awoodda daaweynta ee psilocybin ayaa lagu soo bandhigay Hawaii, halkaas oo sharci senate-ka ah oo gooni ah oo dib loogu habeynayo psilocybin ayaa sidoo kale la tixgelinayaa. Wareysi, Senator Stanley Chang noo sheegay in hadafka biilku yahay in laga saaro psilocybin iyo psilocin liiska Jadwalka I walxaha waxayna u baahan yihiin Waaxda Caafimaadka ee Hawaii si ay u dhisto xarumo daaweyn oo loogu talagalay maamulka daweynta ee xeryahooda.

Tallaabooyinka ku lug leh xukun-jabinta cilmi-nafsiga ayaa sidoo kale lagu soo bandhigay tiro ka mid ah sharci-dejinta gobolka, oo ay ku jirto Florida, halkaas oo sharciga sharciyeynta psilocybin uu ku dhintay aqalka senate-ka. Illinois gudaheeda, biil lagu debcinayo xannibaadaha dhirta entheogenic ayaa la soo bandhigay laakiin waligiis lama samayn cod-bixinta dabaqa.

Iowa, Maine, Missouri, Vermont, iyo New York waxay hadda leeyihiin biilal firfircoon oo sharci-dejintooda ah kuwaas oo keeni kara heerar kala duwan oo dambiilayaal ah walxaha dhimirka qaarkood. In the Empire State, sharci ay soo bandhigtay Congresswoman Linda Rosenthal wuxuu dhisi doonaa machad cilmi-nafsiyeedka cilmi-nafsiga iyo barnaamij cilmi-baaris ku-daweyn ah si loo daraaseeyo loona bixiyo talooyin ku saabsan isticmaalka walxaha dhimirka.

Maaddaama maalgashadayaasha, machadyada sayniska, iyo dadweynuhu ay u koraan aqoon dheeraad ah oo xiisaynaya awoodda daawaynta ee cilmi-nafsiga, dawlado badan iyo maamulo ayaa la filayaa inay soo saaraan sharciyo dheeraad ah iyo dhaqdhaqaaqyo sharciyeed kuwaas oo rajeynaya inay u furaan gelitaanka dhakhaatiirta maskaxda siyaabo kala duwan oo dalka oo dhan ah.

Cilmi-nafsiga sharciga ah 2021 USA