I-Legal psychedelics 2021 USA

i-psychology psychedelics 2021 usa — I-Legal Psychedelics 2021 USA 1

Lesi sihloko senziwa ngenxa yocwaningo oluvela Umthetho weCalyx, lo Phuma Iqembu, futhi I-Psilocybin Alpha.

As psychedelics njenge-LSD, i-ayahuasca, kanye "namakhowe omlingo" abuyela emuva engxoxweni yomphakathi, imibuzo embalwa elula eza ngemva kokuxoxa ngokuba namandla alezi zinto ekwelapheni inhlobonhlobo yezinkinga zempilo yengqondo:

Okuqukethwe

Yiziphi I-Psychedelics?
Ingabe I-Psychedelics Isemthethweni E-US?
Ikuphi I-Psychedelics Evunyelwe E-US?
Kuphi I-Psychedelics Icatshangelwa Ukuze Ibe Semthethweni?

Linda, Yini I-Psychedelics?

Igama elithi “Psychedelic” igama elibanzi elihlanganisa izinto ezimbalwa ezihlukene, ezinye zazo ezijabulela ukwesulwa kobugebengu noma “ukusetshenziswa komthetho okusezingeni eliphansi” ezindaweni ezithile ezweni lonke.

I-Psychedelics ivame ukuchazwa njengezidakamizwa ezikwazi ukukhiqiza izimo ezingajwayelekile zokuqaphela.

Nakuba kunamakhulu ezinto zemvelo nezokwenziwa ezingawela encazelweni evamile “yezidakamizwa ezishintsha ingqondo,” iningi labantu libhekisela kwezinye izinhlanganisela ikakhulukazi uma kukhulunywa ngama-psychedelics:

LSD, noma i-Lysergic Acid Diethylamide. Amagama emigwaqo: i-asidi, iphuzi eliphuzi.
I-Psilocybin, inhlanganisela ekhiqizwa ngokwemvelo amakhowe e-Psilocybe. Amagama emigwaqo: amakhowe omlingo, ama-shrooms.
UMescaline, ngokwemvelo itholakala ePeyote naseSan Pedro cacti.
I-DMT, noma i-dimethyltryptamine, iyinhlanganisela etholakala ku-ayahuasca, ingxube yendabuko yama-Amazonian esetshenziswa emikhubeni yama-shamanic.
Ibogaine, ekhiqizwa ngokwemvelo isitshalo se-iboga, isihlahlana esidabuka eNtshonalanga Afrika.
5-MeO-DMT, ubuthi bengqondo obukhiqizwa iSonoran Desert Frog nezinye izitshalo. Igama lomgwaqo: ubuthi beselesele.
I-MDMA. Le “empathogen” ingathathwa njengesidakamizwa sesigaba esihlukile kokuthi “i-psychedelics yakudala” ebalwe ngenhla, kodwa ivamise ukufakwa eqenjini ngaphakathi kwale ncazelo. Amagama emigwaqo: ecstasy, molly.

Ingabe I-Psychedelics Isemthethweni E-US?

Njengomthetho ojwayelekile, zonke izinto ezibalwe ngenhla zibhekwa njengezinto zeSheduli 1 uhulumeni wobumbano ngakho akukho emthethweni ukukhiqiza, ukuthengisa, ukuphatha noma ukudla ngaphandle kokugunyazwa nguhulumeni okukhethekile.

Nakuba kuhleliwe, zonke lezi zinto okwamanje zingaphansi kocwaningo lomtholampilo futhi eziningi kulindeleke ukuthi zigunyazwe eminyakeni ezayo njengemithi yengqondo yezinkomba ezithile zempilo yengqondo.

Okwamanje, ezinye izindawo zase-US ziphasise umthetho owehlisa ukusetshenziswa komthetho kwezinye izinto ezithinta ingqondo, okuvumela ukusetshenziswa nokuba nenani elincane lale mithi.

Okuhlukile: Icala Le-Ketamine

I-Ketamine iyisidakamizwa esihlukanisayo esavunywa ekuqaleni njenge-anesthetic ngo-1970. Emashumini eminyaka amuva nje, imiphumela yayo efana ne-psychedelic yatholakala ukuze ikhiqize ukunciphisa izimpawu zokucindezeleka.

Nakuba i-ketamine igunyazwe ngokusemthethweni njengendawo yokubulala izinzwa, odokotela bavunyelwe ukuyinikeza ngaphandle kwelebula yokwelapha ukucindezeleka nezinye izinkinga zengqondo.

Lokhu kubeke i-ketamine phambili ekunyakazeni kwe-psychedelics, njengesidakamizwa esinqunyiwe esingalawulwa ngokusemthethweni emitholampilo ngaphansi kokuqondisa kodokotela.

Ikuphi I-Psychedelics Evunyelwe E-US?

Ukusebenzisa I-Psilocybin Alpha's Psychedelic Legalization & Decriminalization Tracker, sihlanganise uhlu lwezindawo zase-US lapho abantu bengqondo bavunyelwe khona.

Oregon

Ngo-November 2020, I-Oregon yaba izwe lokuqala laseMelika ukuqeda izinhlawulo zobugebengu kuzo zonke izidakamizwa ezingekho emthethweni ezihlanganisa i-cocaine, i-heroin, i-oxycodone ne-methamphetamine, kanye nazo zonke izidakamizwa ze-psychedelic ezifana ne-LSD, i-psilocybin, ne-MDMA.

Ukuba nenani elincane lalezi zinto kwenziwe ukwephulwa Kwesigaba E, esikhundleni sesenzo esingalungile. Lokhu kunciphisa izinhlawulo zibe inhlawulo engu-$100 noma inketho yokubhalisela “Izikhungo Zokulutheka Nokululama” zombuso.

Ukwengeza, kuvoti elifanayo lango-2020 ama-Oregonians avotela ukwethula uhlelo lokusetshenziswa kokwelapha kwe-psilocybin, okudala uhlelo lokuqala lwezwe lokwelapha olusiza i-psilocybin olunelayisensi yombuso.

Lolu hlelo, olusathuthukiswayo njengamanje, luzovumela iziguli ezineminyaka engaphezu kwengama-21 ukuthi zithenge, zibe nazo, futhi zisebenzise i-psilocybin ngaphansi kokuqondisa kwabagqugquzeli abaqeqeshiwe, kuyilapho ukukhiqizwa, ukulethwa, nokuphathwa kwe-psilocybin kuzovunyelwa ezikhungweni ezigadiwe, ezinelayisensi.

I-California: I-Santa Cruz ne-Oakland

Ngenkathi isifundazwe saseCalifornia sisabeka umthetho wokuvinjelwa kwama-molecule e-psychedelic ahleliwe, amadolobha amabili angaphakathi kwemingcele yawo adlulise izinqumo ezivimbela idolobha ukuthi lisebenzise izinsiza ekubekeni izinhlawulo zobugebengu ngokusetshenziswa nokubamba izitshalo nesikhunta se-entheogenic.

Kuzo zombili Santa Cruz kanye ne-Oakland, ukusetshenziswa komuntu siqu, ukuphatha, kanye nokutshalwa kwezitshalo ezifana ne-iboga, i-mescaline cacti, izithako ku-ayahuasca kanye namakhowe e-psilocybin ahlukaniswa phakathi kwezinto ezibalulekile zomthetho eziphansi kakhulu. E-Oakland, ukuthenga, ukuthutha, nokusabalalisa lezi zifo zengqondo zemvelo ziwela esigabeni esifanayo.

District of Columbia

Izinyathelo ezifanayo zadluliselwa eWashington DC, lapho izitshalo ze-psychedelic kanye nesikhunta ukhishwe njengobugebengu ngoNovemba 2020.

"Ukutshala okungezona ezohwebo, ukutshala, ukuthenga, ukuthutha, ukusabalalisa, ukuzibandakanya emikhubeni, kanye/noma nokuba nezitshalo nesikhunta se-entheogenic" kubhekwa "njengezinto eziza kuqala ekusetshenzisweni komthetho" yi-DC Metropolitan Police, evimbela ukuphenywa nokuboshwa kwabantu iminyaka engu-18. ubudala noma ngaphezulu kule mikhuba.

I-Colorado: Denver

I-Denver ibe yindawo yokuqala yase-US yokunciphisa izinhlawulo kumakhowe e-psilocybin ngoMeyi 2019. Amakhowe e-Psilocybin aphakathi “kwezinto eziza kuqala ekugcinweni komthetho,” ezivimbela abomthetho ukuthi basebenzise izimali zedolobha laseDenver ukwenza kube yicala ukusetshenziswa komuntu siqu kanye nokuba nalezi sikhunta.

EMichigan: Ann Arbor

U-Ann Arbor njengamanje ungu idolobha kuphela e-American Midwest lapho ukuhlakulela, ukuthenga, ukuthutha, ukusabalalisa, ukuhlanganyela emikhubeni, noma ukuba nama-psychedelics emvelo akwenziwa ubugebengu.

Izitshalo ze-Entheogenic noma izinhlanganisela zezitshalo, ezisohlelweni Lombuso Loku-1 “ziwukubaluleka okuphansi kakhulu kokugcinwa komthetho,” okusho ukuthi “izimali zedolobha noma izinsiza ngeke zisetshenziswe kunoma yiluphi uphenyo, ukuboshwa, ukuboshwa, noma ukushushiswa” nokuthi ummeli wesifunda kufanele "kuyeke ukushushiswa kwabantu abathintekayo ekusetshenzisweni kwezitshalo ze-entheogenic noma izinhlanganisela ezisekelwe esitshalweni."

EMassachusetts: Somerville, Cambridge, naseNorthampton

NgoJanuwari 2021, indawo engaphansi kweBoston Somerville uphasise umthetho lapho kungekho khona “izimali zedolobha noma izinsiza” ezizosetshenziswa “ukusiza ekusetshenzisweni kwemithetho ebeka izinhlawulo zobugebengu zokusebenzisa kanye nokutholakala kwezitshalo ze-entheogenic ngabantu abadala.”

Ngokushesha ngemva kwalokho, amadolobha angomakhelwane eCambridge naseNorthampton yamukela umthetho ofanayo, othi “ukuphenya nokuboshwa kwabantu abadala ngokutshala, ukutshala, ukuthenga, ukuthutha, ukusatshalaliswa, ukuhlanganyela emikhubeni, kanye/noma nokuba nezitshalo ze-entheogenic kuyoba phakathi kwezinto ezibalulekile zokuphoqelela umthetho,” ecela ukuba Ummeli Wesifunda ukuba ayeke ukushushisa abantu abathintekayo kule mikhuba.

Kuphi I-Psychedelics Icatshangelwa Ukuze Ibe Semthethweni?

Umthetho wezwe osusa ubugebengu ezintweni ze-psychedelic awubonakali usemajukujukwini ngaphandle kokugunyazwa kwezinto ezithile ze-psychedelic ukuze zisetshenziswe kwezokwelashwa ngepayipi lesivivinyo somtholampilo se-FDA.

Ekupheleni kukaJulayi, u-Rep. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez yethule kabusha isichibiyelo ukususa izithiyo zikahulumeni zokucwaninga amandla okwelapha ezinto ze-psychedelic. Isilinganiso sasi enqatshwe kabanzi yiNdlu, nakuba ukusekelwa kwaphansi kukhule kusukela esethulweni sangaphambilini sesilinganiso esifanayo ngo-2019.

Nokho, amazwe amaningana ase-US asanda kuphasisa umthetho odinga ucwaningo mayelana nama-molecule e-psychedelic. Ezinye izifundazwe zinezikweletu ku-congress ezingase zenze ezinye izinyathelo mayelana nomthetho we-psychedelic.

E-California, kucatshangelwa umthethosivivinywa ozosusa izinhlawulo zokuthola, ukusetshenziswa komuntu siqu, nokwabelana komphakathi kwezidakamizwa ezithile zemvelo nezokwenziwa ezithinta ingqondo ezihlanganisa i-psilocybin, i-DMT, i-ibogaine, i-mescaline, i-LSD, i-ketamine, ne-MDMA.

Imalia okumele ikhokhwe uphasise ivoti leSenethi futhi okwamanje endleleni eya endaweni yomhlangano. Kwi inhlolokhono yakamuva noBenzinga, USen. Scott Wiener, umxhasi omkhulu walo mthethosivivinywa, uthe uhambisana nokuqedwa ngokuphelele kwezidakamizwa futhi lesi sinyathelo isinyathelo sokuqala kulowo mgomo.

Ngo 2021, Connecticut futhi I-Texas igunyaze izikweletu eyethula amaqembu asebenzayo ukuthi afunde ukusetshenziswa kwezokwelapha kwe-psilocybin. E-Texas, i-MDMA kanye ne-Ketamine nazo zifundelwa injongo efanayo, omakadebona bezempi njengeqembu eliyinhloko eliqondiswe kulezi zindlela zokwelapha.

Isinqumo esifanayo sokufunda amandla okwelapha e-psilocybin sethulwa eHawaii, lapho umthethosivivinywa wethimba lezigele ohlukile wokuhlela kabusha i-psilocybin nawo uyacutshungulwa. Enkulumweni, USenator waseHawaii uStanley Chang usitshele ukuthi inhloso yomthethosivivinywa ukukhipha i-psilocybin ne-psilocin ohlwini lwezinto zeSheduli I futhi kudinga uMnyango Wezempilo waseHawaii ukuthi usungule izikhungo zokwelashwa zokuphathwa kokwelapha kwalezi zinhlanganisela.

Izinyathelo ezibandakanya ukuchithwa kwe-psychedelics zibe semthethweni futhi zethulwe kwezinye izishayamthetho zombuso, kuhlanganise neFlorida, lapho umthethosivivinywa osemthethweni we-psilocybin washona esigungwini. E-Illinois, umthethosivivinywa wokukhulula imikhawulo ezitshalweni ze-entheogenic wethulwa kodwa awuzange uphumelele ivoti eliphansi.

I-Iowa, i-Maine, i-Missouri, i-Vermont, ne-New York njengamanje inezikweletu ezisebenzayo esishayamthetho zazo ezingaletha amazinga ahlukene okukhipha ubugebengu ezintweni ezithile ze-psychedelic. E-Empire State, umthethosivivinywa owethulwe yi-Assemblywoman uLinda Rosenthal izosungula isikhungo socwaningo lwe-psychedelic kanye nohlelo locwaningo lwezokwelapha ukuze itadishe futhi inikeze izincomo mayelana nokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ze-psychedelic.

Njengoba abatshalizimali, izikhungo zesayensi, kanye nomphakathi jikelele bekhula benolwazi oluthe xaxa futhi benentshisekelo emandleni okwelapha e-psychedelics, izifunda eziningi kanye neziphathimandla kulindeleke ukuthi zikhiphe ezinye izikweletu kanye nezinyathelo zomthetho ezizovula ngethemba ukuthi abantu abanomqondo ofanayo bafinyelela ngezindlela ezahlukene ezweni lonke.

I-Legal Psychedelics 2021 USA