Albert Hofmann Bicycle

Emva kwemini ye-19 ka-Aprili, i-1943, i-chemist yaseSwitzerland u-Albert Hofmann yehla iasidi wakhwela ibhayisekile egoduka. UHofmann, owayesebenza kwisebe lamachiza eSandoz Laboratories eBasel, waqala wadibanisa. LSD ngo-1938 ngelixa uzama ukwenza i-stimulant ukunyanga iingxaki zokuphefumla kunye nokujikeleza kwegazi.

Wayengazi ukuba ikhompawundi ineempembelelo zengqondo, kwaye ayizange ivelise iziphumo ezibonakalayo xa ivavanywa kwizilwanyana ezihlanjululwayo, ngoko wayibekela bucala.

Kwiminyaka emihlanu kamva, uHofmann wagqiba ekubeni abuyele kwindalo yakhe. Ngomhla we-16 kuAprili, 1943, wenza enye ibhetshi yeLSD. Ngeli xesha, wafunxa ngempazamo isixa esincinci eluswini lwakhe, kwaye watshona ngaphakathi "imeko engathandekiyo yokunxila, ebonakaliswa yintelekelelo evuselelwe kakhulu."

Wagqiba ekubeni azame ngokwakhe ngedosi enenjongo yokuqinisekisa iziphumo zekhompawundi, kwaye ngo-4: 20 ntambama ngo-Aprili we-19, wafaka i-250 micrograms yekhemikhali.

Kungekudala waqonda ukuba uhambo lwaluza kuba nzulu, waza wacela umncedisi wakhe ukuba amncede agoduke. Izithintelo ngexesha lemfazwe bezithintele iimoto ezitratweni zaseBasel, ke kwafuneka bakhwele ibhayisekile-yiyo loo nto i-19 ka-Epreli ngoku eyaziwa kwihlabathi liphela njenge. Usuku lwebhayisikile.

Ngolo hambo lwetrippy ludume kakubi, uHofmann waba nguthixo wenzululwazi Ii-psychedelics, ibinzana elayilwa ngugqirha wengqondo uHumphry Osmond elisekelwe kumagama esiGrike athetha “ukutyhila ingqondo”.

Intatheli uJohn Horgan wabhala Scientific American ukuba uHofmann wayekholelwa ukuba xa esetyenziswe ngokufanelekileyo, i-psychedelics inokuvuselela "i-faculty ezalwayo yamava emibono" esinayo sonke njengabantwana, kwaye siphulukane njengoko sikhula.

U-Hofmann wayenobudlelwane obunzima kunye nentsimi awayincedayo ukuyila, ebiza i-LSD "ingxaki yomntwana" incwadi wayibhala malunga namagalelo akhe kwi-chemistry ye-psychedelic.

Uphinde wafunda amakhowa omlingo kwaye waba ngowokuqala ukwahlula, ukudibanisa, kunye nokubiza iikhompawundi ze-psychedelic ipsilocybin kunye ne-psilocin. Yena uxelele uHorgan malunga nohambo lwe-psilocybin awaluthathayo apho waphelela kwidolophu yesiporho ngaphakathi emhlabeni.

“Kwakungekho mntu apho,” watsho uHofmann. “Ndandiziva ndililolo ngokupheleleyo, ndililolo. Imvakalelo embi!” Xa wabuyela kule nqwelo-moya waza wazifumana ekunye nabahlobo kwakhona, uHofmann waziva echulumancile. Uxelele uHorgan, kwintetho yakhe enzima yaseSwitzerland, “Ndandiziva ndizelwe ngokutsha! Ukubona ngoku kwakhona! Yaye ubone indlela esiphila ngayo apha!”

Umnqweno wokuziva uzelwe ngokutsha unyanzelekile ngakumbi kwixesha le-COVID-19 kunye nokuzahlula. I Ii-psychedelics ijenali DoubleBlind kutshanje ipapashe inqaku usebenzisa i-quarantine njengexesha kuphononongo lwangaphakathi kunye nokuzihlaziya.

Umseki we-DoubleBlind uMadison Margolin uthi, kwenye indawo ye-COVID-less, uya kube ebukele uSuku lweBhayisekile kwindawo ehlala ingqondo. “Besiceba ukusebenzisana nathi Disco Dining Club ukubhiyozela uSuku lweBhayisekile kunye nePasika.”

Endaweni yoko, uMargolin uthi, i-DoubleBlind ibambe umnyhadala wasimahla kwi-intanethi kunye ne-SPORE (uMbutho we-Psychedelic Outreach, uHlaziyo, kunye neMfundo) nge-19 ka-Epreli ukuxhasa iinzame zoncedo lwe-coronavirus, "ukubhiyozela ukuphindaphindana kunye nokunxibelelana kwethu noMhlaba kunye nomnye," ukuqala kwi 8:45 am PST.

UMargolin unenkxalabo malunga namashishini amatsha angena kwindawo yengqondo, uthi, njengoko sifumana "ukuvuselelwa kwengqondo. " Kangangeminyaka, ii-nonprofits ezifana ne I-Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS) kunye ne I-Chacruna Institute for Plant Medicine baye bagxininisa uphando kunye nemfundo ukuze abantu bazuze kwii-psychedelics.

Kodwa kutsha nje, iibhiliyoni zaseSilicon Valley bezivavanya inzuzo yoshishino, neuro-pharmaceutical corporations ku phuhliswa iikhompawundi psychedelic yorhwebo, kunye Wall Street Journal iyagquma Ukuqala kwe-psychedelic.

UMargolin uthi: “Iya kwenzeka ngendalo kulo naliphi na ishishini elitsha, elishushu. Unethemba, nangona kunjalo, njengoko i-psychedelics injalo ithintelwe kwinqanaba lendawo, kunye nophando lweklinikhi kunye nophuhliso lwezonyango luqhubeka luqhubela phambili, ukuba abasandul 'ukuza kwisithuba baya kuhlonipha iinkalo zomoya zentshukumo.

"Iinkampani ezimbalwa zijonge ukuseka amayeza okwenziwa kwi-psychedelics, ngelixa esusa inkalo 'yohambo' kumava," utshilo uMargolin. Nangona kunjalo, uninzi lwe-psychonauts lukholelwa ukuba uhambo liyeza.

Oko kwakungamava ka-Albert Hofmann ngeLSD. Ngomhla wakhe wokuzalwa we-100 ngo-2006, kwi-symposium yamazwe ngamazwe e-Basel, wanika intetho apho wathi, “Indinike uvuyo lwangaphakathi, ingqondo evulekileyo, umbulelo, amehlo avulekileyo kunye novelwano lwangaphakathi lwemimangaliso yendalo…. Ndicinga ukuba ekuziphendukeleni komntu akuzange kube yimfuneko ukuba nayo le nto, i-LSD. Sisixhobo nje sokusijika sibe yile nto besifanele ukuba yiyo. ”